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译林2003课标版《Grammar and usage(1)： Present perfect tense》优质课教案下载
Step 3 现在完成时的用法
Look a t the examples:
1.We have already seen the film.
过去的动作: We saw the film.
对现在的影响: We know the story of the film.
2.The boys are tired. They have just played a ball game.
过去的动作 : The boys played a ball game just now.
对现在的影响: The boys are tired.
3. Someone _________ the vase . (break)
过去的动作 : Someone broke the vase.
对现在的影响: The vase is broken.
4. Jim has had a bad car crash lately.
对现在的影响: He’s probably still in hospital now
Conclusion 1 ：
现在完成时表示过去发生或已完成的动作，或某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与just, already, before, yet, lately, recently 等状语连用。
Look a t the examples:
1.Daniel has lived in Guilin since he came to China.
2. I haven't seen him for many days.
3. Great changes have taken place in our school in /over the past 5 years.
4. So far, she has learnt English for 4 years.
Conclusion 2
现在完成时表示动作过去已经开始，持续到现在。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。如：
① for+时间段和since+过去的时间点
② so far, up to now, until/till now, in recent years…
③ during /over /in /for the past few years (weeks, months)