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2. 现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：
点拨：
现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况，所以它不能直接和表示过去某一段时间的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last year, two weeks ago, in 2012等。
而一般过去时只是表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生联系，强调的是过去的情况，它可以和表示过去某一段时间的时间状语连用。
练习：He ( start ) to play basketball three years ago.
It’s said that both of them ( be ) in Shanghai for ten years so far.
Kangkang ( leave ) the school since two hours ago.
.★ Discuss in groups.
Example:
A: Excuse me, what was your hometown like before?
B: It was a wonderful \ beautiful place. There was \ were … But now…have \ has gone.
A: What has happened here?
B: …… What about your hometown?
A:……
.★ Finish the passage.
Everything has changed in my hometown. Many years ago, it was
. There was \ were
But now
have \ has gone because
I think we should take some measures to protect our environment.