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2012~2016年安徽中考单项填空中动词的时态和语态考点分布
We have chosen him to be a monitor.
He has been chosen to be a monitor.
英语动词的语态有主动和被动两种语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,又叫施动者；
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，又叫受动者。
区分主动语态和被动语态，主要看主语是执行者还是承受者。如：
The flowers and grass should be watered .
(____语态)
We should water the flowers and grass .
(____语态)
怎样区分这两种语态？
被动语态是由“助动词be +过去分词”构成
的，助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。
Tom broke the cup .(主动语态) → The
cup was broken by Tom .(被动语态)
一般现在时：be(am / is are) +过去分词
Trees are planted in spring .
一般过去时：be(was / were) +过去分词
The house was built last year .
现在进行时：be(am / is are) + being +过去分词 The car is being repaired .
过去进行时：be(was / were) + being +过去分词
Your door was being knocked by someone at this time yesterday evening.
被动语态在各种时态中的构成
现在完成时：have / has + been +过去分词
The light has been turned off .
The door has been painted.
过去完成时：had + been +过去分词
The problems had been solved before they started the project.
一般将来时：will be +过去分词